A working reference of clinical terms used across ZayedMD — written in plain English, with a physician’s eye on what actually matters at the bedside. Updated as new vocabulary lands in our coverage.
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- 510(k) Clearance
- The FDA regulatory pathway for medical devices that are substantially equivalent to a legally marketed predicate. The dominant route for AI/ML clinical-decision-support tools today.
A
- Abdominoplasty
- Surgical reshaping of the abdomen, commonly called a tummy tuck. Removes excess skin and tightens abdominal-wall muscles. Recovery is typically 6–8 weeks.
- Alzheimer’s Disease
- The most common cause of dementia, characterized by progressive memory loss and cognitive decline driven by amyloid and tau pathology. New research is exploring whether GLP-1 agonists could slow progression.
- ATTAIN-1 Trial
- The Phase 3 clinical trial of Eli Lilly’s oral GLP-1 receptor agonist orforglipron (brand name Foundayo). Reported weight-loss outcomes in 2026 that supported FDA approval as a first-in-class oral GLP-1 pill.
B
- BMI (Body Mass Index)
- Weight in kilograms divided by height in metres squared. The threshold most chronic-weight-management drugs (including GLP-1 agonists) are licensed at is BMI ≥30, or ≥27 with a weight-related comorbidity.
C
- Cardiac Electrophysiology
- The subspecialty of cardiology focused on the electrical signals of the heart and the management of arrhythmias such as atrial fibrillation. AI is increasingly used to interpret EP mapping data.
- Cardiometabolic
- Shorthand for the overlapping cardiac and metabolic effects of a therapy (blood pressure, lipids, glucose, weight). GLP-1 agonists are evaluated on cardiometabolic outcomes, not weight alone.
- Clinical Decision Support (CDS)
- Software that surfaces evidence-based guidance to clinicians at the point of care — e.g. sepsis alerts, dose checks, AI-generated differentials.
F
- FDA Approval
- The U.S. Food and Drug Administration’s authorization for a drug to be marketed for a specific indication. ZayedMD covers approvals affecting primary-care prescribing.
- Foundayo
- The brand name for orforglipron, Eli Lilly’s once-daily oral GLP-1 receptor agonist. FDA-approved in April 2026 for chronic weight management.
G
- GLP-1 Receptor Agonist
- A class of drugs that mimic glucagon-like peptide-1, slowing gastric emptying and stimulating insulin release. Used for type-2 diabetes and chronic weight management. Includes semaglutide, tirzepatide, and orforglipron.
I
- ICD-10 Memory Decline
- ICD-10 codes used to classify mild cognitive impairment (e.g. G31.84) and unspecified memory disturbance (R41.3). Important for accurate documentation and downstream referrals.
L
- LLM (Large Language Model)
- A neural-network architecture trained on text to predict the next token. In clinical practice LLMs are used for ambient documentation, patient-letter drafting, and decision support — with clear safety limits.
M
- MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging)
- A non-ionizing imaging modality using strong magnetic fields. Full-body MRI is increasingly marketed for preventive screening; the evidence base for routine screening in asymptomatic adults remains limited.
O
- Orforglipron
- A small-molecule, non-peptide oral GLP-1 receptor agonist (brand name Foundayo). First oral GLP-1 to clear Phase 3 with weight-loss and cardiometabolic outcomes competitive with injectables.
S
- SELECT Trial
- A landmark cardiovascular-outcomes trial of semaglutide in adults with overweight or obesity and established cardiovascular disease, demonstrating a 20% reduction in major adverse cardiovascular events.
- Semaglutide
- An injectable GLP-1 receptor agonist marketed as Ozempic (for type-2 diabetes) and Wegovy (for chronic weight management). The SELECT trial established cardiovascular benefit in obese non-diabetic patients.
T
- Tirzepatide
- A dual GIP/GLP-1 receptor agonist marketed as Mounjaro (diabetes) and Zepbound (weight management). Generally higher weight-loss efficacy than semaglutide in head-to-head comparisons.